In the Mediterranean Sea, a vital yet endangered ecosystem is struggling to survive.

Known as the ‘lungs of the Mediterranean,’ Posidonia Oceanica, is under severe threat from climate change, rising sea temperatures, invasive species, and coastal human activities.

But a local team of scientists and engineers are on a mission to protect it.

This unique seagrass, often mistaken as ‘waste’, plays a vital role in maintaining marine health and combating climate change.

Ramla Bouhlel is an engineer in fisheries and marine environment in Monastir, Tunisia.

“Posidonia is known primarily for being the ‘lungs’ of the Mediterranean Sea because it is a major source of oxygen and absorbs carbon dioxide, meaning it attracts a lot of carbon, which is a problem we currently face. It also serves as a food source for marine organisms, where fish spawn and seek refuge from predators. It’s a crucial habitat for various animals and organisms.”

And its importance extends far beyond the local marine ecosystem.

According to a study published in Nature Geosciences, the sea grass absorbs carbon dioxide three times more effectively than tropical forests.

But if it might be of use in combatting climate change, it is instead falling victim to a warming planet.

“One of the risks facing Posidonia is climate change or global warming, which means the seawater is heating up. Like any species, Posidonia has ideal conditions for growth. If it encounters temperatures within its optimal range, it grows well and performs its functions effectively. However, due to global warming, the water is warming beyond these conditions, causing problems for Posidonia. This could potentially lead to its extinction.”

Ahmed Ghedira is the president of the environmental science and education group, ‘Notre Grand Bleu’ association.

He and his team are on a mission to protect and restore this vital marine plant.

“Posidonia provides invaluable environmental services, particularly in climate regulation. It has a significant ability to store carbon, especially organic carbon, which surpasses even the Amazon rainforest’s carbon storage capacity. According to the latest study by ‘Notre Grand Bleu’ on Posidonia plant in the Monastir Bay and the Kuriat Islands, it has a storage capacity exceeding 350 tons per hectare (864 acres).

The team, along with partners, planted 1,000 square meters of Posidonia underwater and closely monitor its progress.

Conservation efforts like these are crucial.

Tunisia, unlike nations like France, does not have specific laws to safeguard these underwater ecosystems.

And as climate change continues to threaten its existence, the race is on to protect it for future generations.

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